Security Guide · For Managers

Two layers. Two different questions.

Sentinel guards the network: it decides which devices may reach your systems at all. Sign-in guards the application: it confirms which person is using them. Each works without the other, so an attacker has to beat both, separately.

IP Allowlisting Device Certificates (mTLS) Single Sign-On Multi-Factor Passkeys
The Core Idea

Two questions, asked by two separate systems.

Network layer · Sentinel

Should this device be talking to us at all?

Answered at the edge of your systems, before the application sees a single request.

Application layer · Sign-in

Is this the right person, and what may they do?

Answered by the login and your organisation’s identity provider, once a request has been let through.

A strong password doesn’t help if the login page is open to the whole internet. A private network doesn’t help if anyone on it can log in. You need both answers.

How a Request Gets In

Four checks, in two independent layers.

Every time someone opens an entityOS system, their request passes through four checks, in this order. The first two belong to Sentinel. The last two belong to sign-in.

Fail any one check and the request stops there. Nothing after it runs. An attacker has to pass all four, and the four rely on different things.

Network layer

Sentinel

Decides which networks and devices can reach your systems. People on the right devices barely notice it. Everyone else is turned away before they see anything.

STAGE 1 · CHECK 1

IP allowlisting

A guest list of internet addresses: your office, your company VPN, an admin workstation. Requests from any other address are turned away at the edge, so the login page never even loads for them.

STAGE 2 · CHECK 2

Device certificates (mTLS)

Each approved laptop or phone holds a digital certificate issued by your organisation. The connection itself proves the device has it. No certificate, no connection, even from an approved address. Lose a device, revoke its certificate, and it is out.

Application layer

Sign-in

Confirms which person is at the keyboard and what they are allowed to do. This is the part most staff already know, and most organisations already have.

CHECK 3

Single sign-on (SSO)

One company account opens every system. When someone leaves, IT disables that one account and their access ends everywhere at once.

CHECK 4

Multi-factor authentication (MFA)

A second proof after the password, such as an approval in an app or a one-time code. A stolen password on its own is no longer enough.

CHECK 4 · STRONGEST FORM

Passkeys

A sign-in stored on the person’s own device and unlocked with a fingerprint, face or PIN. It only works on the genuine website, so a fake login page can’t capture it.

Independent by Design

Separate checks. Separate keys. Separate systems.

The two layers don’t share anything an attacker could steal once and use twice. That separation is what makes them add up rather than overlap.

Network layer

Sentinel

Application layer

Sign-in

What it checks
SentinelThe network a request comes from, and the device that sent it.
Sign-inThe person, and what they are allowed to do.
Where it runs
SentinelAt the edge: the firewall and load balancer in front of entityOS.
Sign-inInside the application and your identity provider.
What it relies on
SentinelApproved internet addresses and device certificates.
Sign-inCompany accounts, passwords, MFA and passkeys.
Who manages it
SentinelSentinel address registration and certificate issuing.
Sign-inYour identity provider, such as Microsoft Entra ID, Google Workspace or Okta.
When it says no
SentinelThe connection is refused. The login page never appears.
Sign-inThe login is refused. The page appears, but nothing behind it opens.
If its credential is stolen
SentinelRevoke that device’s certificate. Accounts are unaffected.
Sign-inReset the password or passkey. Device certificates are unaffected.

Because neither layer relies on the other, a weakness in one doesn’t open the other. A stolen password doesn’t come with a device certificate. A stolen laptop doesn’t come with its owner’s fingerprint.

When Something Goes Wrong

Pick a problem. See which layer holds.

Real incidents usually start with one thing going wrong. Choose one to follow an attacker through the four checks.

A password is phished

Sentinel · Network layer
1Approved network?IP allowlist

2Approved device?Device certificate

Sign-in · Application layer
3Known account?Single sign-on

4Really them?MFA or passkey

Your data

Adding Them Together

One layer alone leaves a gap.

Most organisations already have sign-in. Sentinel puts a second, independent layer in front of it, and each one covers what the other cannot see.

SIGN-IN ONLY

The usual setup

The login page is open to the whole internet. Anyone, anywhere, can try it as often as they like.

  • Phishing and leaked passwords, tried at scale
  • Flaws in the login page, reachable by anyone
  • Stolen sessions, which skip sign-in entirely
Anyone on the internet
↓ Sign-in
↓ Your data
SENTINEL ONLY

A private network

Only approved networks and devices can connect, but whoever is holding one of them gets straight in.

  • A stolen company laptop
  • Someone else at the keyboard of an approved device
  • No record of which person did what
Anyone on the internet
↓ Sentinel
↓ Your data
SENTINEL + SIGN-IN

Both layers

An attacker needs an approved network, an approved device, the right account and the person’s own passkey, all at the same time. Each comes from a different place.

  • Remote attacks never reach the login page
  • A stolen device still needs its owner
  • Offboarding has two independent switches
Anyone on the internet
↓ Sentinel
↓ Sign-in
↓ Your data

Two layers don’t make a system unbreakable. They mean a single mistake, a single stolen password or a single software flaw is no longer enough on its own. An attacker has to beat two systems that share nothing.

For Your Next Team Meeting

Six questions worth asking.

You don’t need to know how either layer is built to check that both are working. These questions, and the answers you want to hear, are a good place to start.

Can our login page be opened from any internet connection?

A good answerNo. Only from our approved networks and devices, through Sentinel.

When someone leaves, how many switches do we flip?

A good answerTwo: their account in our identity provider and their device certificate. Both on their last day, with a record of each.

Do our administrators sign in with passkeys?

A good answerYes, every privileged account uses a passkey or hardware key. Text-message codes aren’t accepted for admin access.

If a laptop goes missing tonight, what happens?

A good answerWe revoke its certificate and end its sessions. It can no longer connect, even with the right password.

Who owns the allowlist, and when was it last reviewed?

A good answerA named person. It’s reviewed on a schedule, and every entry has a recorded reason.

Would we notice an attempt from somewhere unexpected?

A good answerYes. Sentinel blocks it, the attempt is logged, and someone reviews those logs.

The Key Idea

Sentinel decides who can reach the door. Sign-in decides who can open it.

Sentinel checks the network and the device, at the edge, before your application runs.

Sign-in checks the person, inside the application, through your identity provider.

Together they are two independent checks with nothing in common, so one failure is never enough.

Keep them separate: different owners, different credentials, each reviewed on its own schedule. If one is ever weakened, the other is still standing.